More than 400 Congolese refugees have begun returning to their homes in Bukavu after the city fell to the M23 fighters on February 16, 2025. The returnees, many of whom had sought refuge in Rwanda to escape escalating violence, are cautiously crossing back into the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) through the Rusizi-Bugarama border to assess the situation and reclaim their residences.
The strategic city of Bukavu, the capital of South Kivu province, was swiftly occupied by M23 following the withdrawal of Congolese government forces. This development comes just weeks after the fall of Goma, the capital of North Kivu, in late January, marking a rapid territorial expansion by the insurgents. According to the United Nations, the ongoing conflict has resulted in nearly 3,000 deaths and displaced over 350,000 people, exacerbating an already dire humanitarian crisis.
Return of Refugees
In the wake of Bukavu’s capture, local sources report a steady influx of returnees carrying their belongings as they re-enter the city through border crossings along the Rusizi River. While their return signals a hope for normalcy, concerns remain over safety, security, and access to essential services.
The recent conflict has left widespread destruction in Bukavu, with reports of looting and damage to homes and businesses. Humanitarian organizations, including the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), have emphasized the urgent need for security guarantees, humanitarian aid, and the restoration of basic infrastructure to support those returning.
The return of these refugees highlights the resilience of those affected by the conflict, but the path to stability remains uncertain. Ensuring the safety of returnees, rebuilding infrastructure, and fostering lasting peace will require coordinated efforts from national authorities and the international community. As the situation continues to develop, addressing the immediate humanitarian needs and working towards a sustainable resolution remains paramount.
